What measures do celebrities take to protect their images from being used for commercial purposes without permission? How much does this typically cost them?

File a lawsuit and push for early settlement ($X,XXX to $XX,XXX+)

The Lanham Act - Federal. While the Lanham Act is generally thought of in the context of Trademark law, Section 43 has a provision regarding “false endorsement” that has been used by celebrities (notably, Carmen Electra) to fight the unauthorized commercial use of their likeness.

Common Law - Varies by state. Many states recognize what are known as “the four privacy torts,” which include “appropriation of another's name or likeness.”

Why does my intimate area “sweat” and smell so much? I almost have to have a shower everyday. How do I get rid of this?

As far as the cost goes, that will vary depending on how far the celebrity has to go. Aside from the deterrent effect created by the mere existence of the laws (cost = $0), a celebrity may need to hire a lawyer to:

Right of Publicity Laws - Varies by state. Some states have statutes that specifically forbid using a celebrity’s likeness (and even voice) for commercial use without appropriate permission.

From a legal perspective, they rely on the various state and federal laws that give them actionable claims against people/businesses that use their images without permission. A few examples of these laws are:

What happens if a parent refuses to let their child be transgender? What happens if the parent tries their hardest not to allow their child to be trans, like flushing every bottle of their trans child's HRT down the toilet?

Take the lawsuit through trial ($XX,XXX to $X,XXX,XXX+)

Send off a Cease & Desist demand ($XXX to $X,XXX)